Trading Fundamentals
Understand candlesticks, timeframes, support and resistance, trends, and the indicators participants use to analyse market behaviour.
Charts turn price data into a visual record of how a market has moved over time. Reading charts does not predict the future, but it can help participants identify trends, key price levels, and shifts in momentum that may support market analysis and risk management.
The three most widely used chart types are line, bar, and candlestick charts. Line charts connect closing prices and offer a clean overview of direction. Bar charts show the open, high, low, and close for each period. Candlestick charts present the same information visually, with a body and wicks that make it easy to see the relationship between opening and closing prices at a glance.
Each candlestick represents price movement over a specific timeframe, such as one minute, one hour, or one day. The body shows the range between the open and close, while the wicks show the highs and lows reached during that period. Patterns formed by single candles or small groups of candles may be used to assess potential changes in market direction or trend continuation.
The same instrument can look different across timeframes. Higher timeframes, such as daily or weekly charts, may show broader market direction, while lower timeframes, such as minute or hourly charts, show shorter-term price movement. Participants may compare multiple timeframes to understand market context and short-term activity.
Support is a price area where buying interest has historically slowed declines, while resistance is an area where selling pressure has historically slowed advances. These zones are not exact lines but ranges, and participants often use them to evaluate areas where price may react, break through, or reverse.
An uptrend is commonly identified by a sequence of higher highs and higher lows, while a downtrend is commonly identified by lower highs and lower lows. Trendlines drawn along these swing points can help visualize market direction and the structure of a move. Participants may use trendlines to assess whether a trend appears to be continuing, weakening, or changing direction.
Indicators such as moving averages, RSI, and MACD apply mathematical formulas to price or volume to highlight aspects of market behaviour, such as trend direction, momentum, or potential overbought and oversold conditions. They can support market analysis, but they should not be viewed as standalone signals or guarantees of future price movement.
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